Internal Committee Non-Reporting Under POSH: Risks and Penalties

Updated on June 19, 2025 02:53:20 PM

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act, 2013 is known as the POSH Act. It provides that in every organization that has more than 10 employees, there shall be an Internal Committee (IC) that will examine complaints of sexual harassment. A serious risk to both employee as well as employer interests is not reported by this committee—failure to address complaints, delays in inquiries, or failure to submit required reports.

Such non-compliance may result in legal and monetary exposure, such as penalties of up to ₹50,000 for organizations. In the event of repetition, the penalty may be more severe, which may also assume the form of revocation of business licenses or more severe scrutiny from the regulatory authority. Furthermore, a failure of proper reporting mechanisms renders safety standards in the workplace weak, breaks down the trust employees have for an organization and goes on to incur much damage to an organization's reputation. Given this background, this article examines inherent risks and penalties associated with non-reporting by the Internal Committee under the POSH Act and addresses the necessity of proactive measures in ensuring compliance and setting up an environment free from workplace harassment.

What is the Role of the Internal Committee?

As the first contact to handle complaints of harassment, the ICC performs multiple functions that are of critical importance to the organization:

It receives complaints from employees who experience harassment.

It inquires into the complaint and, after due process, applies the principles of natural justice.

  • Confidentiality: All steps in the process shall be held confidential to cover both the identity of the complainant and the respondent.
  • Recommendations: Based on the report from the inquiry, the ICC shall recommend suitable action before the employer that may include disciplinary action against the accused.
  • Awareness and Training: The ICC runs awareness programs for employees concerning their rights and how best to report cases of harassment.
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What are the Consequences of Non-Reporting?

The Consequences of Non-reporting:

  1. Legal Consequences
    Failure to report incidents of sexual harassment to the Internal Committee might further result in heavy legal implications for the people and organizations involved.
    • For Employers: Under the POSH Act, employers are legally required to install an ICC and ensure complaints are reported and dealt with. Non-compliance will also attract penalties in terms of fines of ₹50,000 or more for first-time offenders. In subsequent viola­tions, more amounts of fines and cancellation of licenses will be fetched.
    • For employees: In case the employees do not report any cases, they are out of the scope and ambit of provisions of the POSH Act. Without filing a complaint with the ICC, the employee would deny the chance to receive legal remedies or redress available under the Act.
  2. Discipline
    Even not reporting is subjected to punishment from the employer side. An employee who has observed harassment and has remained silent would become an accomplice to those actions. This will result in:
    Warning or Reprimand: The employees will be formally reprimanded because of not reporting harassment activities that will affect employment records.
    • Termination: In extreme cases, depending on the employee's supervisory nature or direct reporting obligation, they may have been terminated for not reporting such instances.
  3. Expanded Liability of Organizations
    Unreported cases of harassment may lead to increased liability to organizations regarding failure to ensure a safe work environment. Some of the possible repercussions include:
    • Civil Actions: Harassed victims can file civil actions against the organization seeking damages if they conclude the organization has not taken adequate measures to avoid harassment.
    • Reputational Harm: Organizations that deal with complaints related to harassment negligently or ignore them suffer reputational harm. The outcome is low morale, leaving and losing talent, and struggling to attract new talent.
  4. Impact on Work Culture
    The lack of reporting develops an erosion of accountability and respect within the organization. As a result, there are:
    • Toxic Work Environment: Failure to respond to harassment creates an atmosphere of fear with which people will not feel comfortable or safe. This can lead to a loss in productivity and increased turnover.
    • Erosion of Trust: When employees feel that all the reporting of harassment is a futile exercise, then it creates erosion of trust in management and the organization as a whole. Employee engagement and commitment to the organization are impacted.
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What is the Importance of Reporting?

There are multiple importance of reporting:

  1. Empowerment of Employees
    Incidence reporting by the employees empowered them to take matters into their own hands. They have access to redressal, and this, in turn, leads to a safer working environment. Encouraging reporting would normalize the conversation around harassment, which reduces the stigma and fear.
  2. Preventive Measures Against Future Incidents
    Once incidents have been reported and addressed, organizations can identify patterns of behavior and place preventive measures. This can include:
    • Training Programs: Routine training on workplace behavior would considerably eliminate or minimize occurrence cases.
      Policy Changes: The organization is compelled to change the policies if they have reasons because of the trends unearthed while analyzing complaints in most instances.
  3. A Culture of Accountability
    Reporting fosters accountability in an organization and employees gain better knowledge of their rights, thus the importance of a respectful workplace by fostering.
    • Awareness: If workers are empowered, they are likely to recognize and report abusive behavior.
    • Supportive Leadership: Encouragement by management in reporting cases of abuse manifests the commitment of management to a safe workplace and therefore enhances the morale and trust among employees.
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What are the Steps to Ensure Reporting?

There are the steps to ensure reporting:

  1. Sensitization
    Organizations should also sensitize employees to the presence of the POSH Act and the role of the Internal Committee by:
    • Workshop Training: Ensuring that regular training programs are provided to employees at all levels including management, on sexual harassment, how to make complaints, and whom to turn to.
  2. Information:
    The complaint process is explained through brochures, posters, and email newsletters that urge employee reporting.
    • Open Complaint Mechanism Organizations should provide reporting channels to employees that are as clear and accessible as possible, including:
    • Multiple Channels of Reporting: Employees must be allowed to directly report complaints to the ICC, with the choice to remain anonymous, or through designated HR representatives.
    • Assurances of Confidentiality: Clear communication must be made to ensure confidentiality in all reporting in addition to no tolerance for any form of retaliation as a result of making a report.
  3. Supportive Environment Creating a supportive environment will encourage reporting. This can include:
    • Management Training: Train the managers to respond appropriately to the complaints and support employees who come forward.
    • Dialogue Encouragement: Try and have open discussions on harassment while assuring that all the employees are comfortable enough to share their concerns without judgment.
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Conclusion

The consequences of not reporting under the POSH Act are enormous and multilevel. Organizations that do not report may face penal action of the seriousness by courts, legal liabilities, and damage to reputations. Add to all this, the kind of a culture, that nonreporting would breed is the contaminated work environment, which destroys employee trust and morale.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the POSH Act?

The POSH Act is an Indian law that seeks to regulate sexual harassment against women in the workplace. The Act thereby demands the constitution of ICCs in the organization for dealing with complaints appropriately.

What is the IC?

Internal Committee: The internal committee is one of those obligatory bodies in the workplace with ten or more employees, responsible for receiving and redressing complaints of sexual harassment. Such a committee conducts inquiries and recommends appropriate action based on its findings.

What happens if an employee fails to report harassment?

Failure to report an incident brings them into the legal sanctions of both the employee and the employer. The employee misses the opportunity to receive a remedy under the POSH Act, while penalties are inflicted on the employer in the form of fines and possible court action.

What are the penalties for non-reporting?

The amount of fine for a first-time offense of non-compliance with the POSH Act can go up to ₹50,000 by employers. In case of repeated offenses, licenses to the business can be canceled or high fines are imposed.

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